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KMID : 1044820220520010054
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Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science
2022 Volume.52 No. 1 p.54 ~ p.64
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Blood clot stabilization after different mechanical and chemical root treatments: a morphological evaluation using scanning electron microscopy
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Stefanini Martina
Ceraolo Edoardo
Mazzitelli Claudia
Maravic Tatjana
Sangiorgi Matteo
Zucchelli Giovanni
Breschi Lorenzo
Mazzoni Annalisa
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Abstract
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Purpose: This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different debridement techniques and conditioning procedures on root surface morphology and blood clot stabilization.
Methods: Two debridement techniques (curette [CU] vs. high-speed ultrasound [US]) and 2 conditioning procedures (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] and phosphoric acid [PA]) were used for the study. Seven experimental groups were tested on root surfaces: 1) no treatment (C); 2) CU; 3) US; 4) CU+EDTA; 5) US+EDTA; 6) CU+PA; and 7) US+PA. Three specimens per group were observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface characterization. Additional root slices received a blood drop, and clot formation was graded according to the blood element adhesion index by a single operator. Data were statistically analyzed, using a threshold of P<0.05 for statistical significance.
Results: The C group displayed the most irregular surface among the tested groups with the complete absence of blood traces. The highest frequency of blood component adhesion was shown in the CU+EDTA group (P<0.05), while no differences were detected between the CU, US+EDTA, and CU+PA groups (P<0.05), which performed better than the US and US+PA groups (P<0.05).
Conclusions: In this SEM analysis, EDTA and conventional manual scaling were the most efficient procedures for enhancing smear layer removal, collagen fiber exposure, and clot stabilization on the root surface. This technique is imperative in periodontal healing and regenerative procedures.
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KEYWORD
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Blood clot, EDTA, Fibrin, Periodontal diseases, Phosphoric acid, Smear layer
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